Terminalia Arjuna: Introduction,Side Effects, Dosage, and Precautions

Introduction of Terminalia Arjuna

Medicinal plants have been the primary source of therapeutic substances used to cure diseases since ancient times. Terminalia arjuna is a medicinal plant, widely used and beneficial in indigenous systems of medicine for the treatment of a variety of essential conditions. The medicinal uses of Terminalia arjuna are many, but research is lacking.

This comprehensive analysis discusses the ethnomedical, phytochemical, pharmacognostic, pharmacological and therapeutic effects of this compound in relation to several disorders, especially cardiovascular problems. When used with other traditional medicines, the plant Terminalia arjuna gives a favorable protection.

This review is a summary of the various studies that show the wide range of medicinal properties of arjuna. These properties of Arjuna include anti-carcinogenic, anti-mutagenic, antioxidant, anti-atherogenic, anti-inflammatory, hypotensive and gastroprotective activities.

Much study is done on the use of Terminalia arjuna bark, as its bark has a high concentration of flavonoids, including arjunolone, flavone, luteolin, baicalin, quercetin, kaempferol, and pelargonidin. Together with other medicinal plants, they have been shown to have beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases. The chemical luteolin was isolated from the butanolic fraction of Terminalia arjuna and was found to have antimutagenic and antibacterial properties.

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Uses of Terminalia Arjuna

Terminalia Arjuna tree is often called Arjuna tree. Its bark is used medicinally in Ayurveda to improve heart health. Terminalia arjuna has a wide range of bioactives, its juice (water extract) has shown positive results in increasing left ventricular function without toxicity or side effects when taken at a dose of 500 mg three times a day (every 8 hours).

Not much research has been done on Terminalia arjuna bark, even of the research that has been done, many of the samples are very small. Water extract improves heart function in people who have recently experienced cardiac stress or injury. Heart attack is the most widely studied condition in this regard. Only one study exists on otherwise healthy people, but in an exercise trial it appeared that arjuna improved left ventricular function.

Terminalia arjuna extract appears to protect heart tissue in animal models when exposed to a variety of cardiac dysfunctions, including beta(2) adrenergic agonists (such as ephedrine, however, isoproterenol was used in the trial) and catecholamines.

The water extract appears to be beneficial for cardiovascular health, particularly in terms of left ventricular function. However human trials are still weak, with only one done in healthy humans (preliminary data). All the evidence looks promising and in the same favorable direction. Also, there is no visible harm from the water extract.

Other extracts containing various bioactives, such as ethanolic or acetone, may not have the same cardioprotective properties (no human studies, but some in vitro evidence suggests that bioactives are not in these extracts), but they appear to be cancer-protective. When ethanolic extract or isolated arjunolic acid (usually seen as the main bioactive) is used, both tumor growth and DNA damage in response to mutagens are reduced in animal models, and This is due to Arjuna’s antioxidant capacity, which is equivalent to Vitamin C on a per weight basis. Due to the anticarcinogenic benefits of the ethanolic extract it also has some cytotoxic properties, an LD50 has been determined with this extract and it may also have side effects. The anti-carcinogenic evidence is relatively limited, with cytotoxicity proven in cancer cells, but evidence lacking to assess healthy cells (a good anti-carcinogenic drug will be highly selective in killing cancer cells, which Arjuna does, but not healthy cells). Cells haven’t been tested enough).

Other possible uses of Arjuna include stomach ulcer protection (associated with the ethanolic extract), liver and kidney protection possibly mediated by antioxidant properties (the ethanolic extract), and cardiovascular properties that improve anaerobic cardiac performance in healthy people. Can (using a study run as a test).

The ethanolic extract has potent antioxidants and potentially potent anticarcinogenic effects, but with no side effects currently known (due to the lack of human intervention), it is theoretically possible that doses higher than recommended could lead to anticarcinogenic effects (cytotoxicity). Reason can be harmful.

Side Effects of Terminalia Arjuna

In several clinical studies, Terminalia arjuna has been shown to Rati was given at a dose of 1 to 2 grams a day, which was best prescribed in patients with CAD. Side effects such as headache, mild gastritis and constipation are less common with these doses. After more than two years of therapy, there were no complaints of hematological, hepatic, metabolic or renal damage.

Some evidence came recently that after 28 days of treatment with Terminalia arjuna capsules (500 mg every 8 hours) there was no significant difference in body and organ weights between treatments in 93 patients with dilated cardiopathy due to idiopathic and ischemic causes . The extract had no harmful effects based on hematological and biochemical markers. No obvious abnormalities or histological changes were found pathologically and no mortality was recorded after 28 days.

Some studies have found that pretreatment with arjunoleic acid from Terminalia arjuna bark effectively protected cerebral IR-induced oxidative damage due to its antioxidant properties. Arjunolic acid supplementation may be beneficial in stroke-prone people. Arjunoleic acid from Terminalia arjuna reduced cardiac damage caused by sodium nitrite in rats and restored the natural balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Arjunolic acid also protected heart tissue from both extrinsic and intrinsic cell death. With higher doses of T arjuna, Parmar reported a decrease in serum thyroid hormone concentrations as well as an increase in hepatic LPO. Well-controlled multicenter clinical trials with a large number of individuals and a standardized product are needed to fully understand the true medicinal potential of T. arjuna.

Terminalia Arjuna - Dosage

For oral intake: For chest discomfort (angina), 500 mg of Terminalia arjuna powdered bark has been taken three times daily, along with treatment for general chest pain, for up to three months.

Terminalia Arjuna’s different forms and dosage are mentioned below:

Terminalia Arjuna Bark Powder (Arjun Churna)

1 to 3 grams for children
3 to 6 grams for adults

24 grams per day is the maximum dose that can be taken (in divided doses, twice a day) This is a rough estimate. It is recommended to take it after 2 hours of food. Coconut milk, jaggery or sugar is used as an adjuvant.

Arjun Ksheerpak:

40-80 ml for children.
Adults 160 ml. can take up to

The maximum possible dosage is 320 ml per day, which should also be taken twice a day in divided doses. This is a rough estimate. Best time to take: Eat something 2 hours after meal or 30 minutes before and 60 minutes after drinking Arjun Ksheer.

Arjuna Bark Juice Supplements

5-10 ml for children.
For adults, it is 10-20 ml. can be up to

The maximum possible dose is 40 ml per day, which should also be taken twice a day in divided doses. This is a rough estimate. The best time to take it is early morning on an empty stomach and late afternoon or evening. water as an adjuvant (if necessary).

Arjuna Bark Decoction Dosage

25 to 50 ml for children.
For adults it is 50 to 100 ml. can be up to

The maximum dosage is 200 ml per day, which should also be taken twice a day in divided doses. This is a rough estimate. The best times to take it are in the morning on an empty stomach, late afternoon, or early evening, or 30 minutes before or 2 hours after a meal.

Arjuna Bark Water Extract Dosage

125 to 250 mg for children
For adults, this can range from 250 to 500 mg.

The maximum dose that can be taken per day (twice a day in divided doses) is a rough estimate. Best time to take it is morning empty stomach, late afternoon or evening or 2 hours after meal. Use water as an adjuvant.

Precautions for Terminalia Arjuna

Pregnancy: There is some evidence that Terminalia arjuna might be harmful for a pregnant woman. There isn’t enough solid evidence to say whether the other two species are safe to use while pregnant. Avoid using any Terminalia species if you want to be safe.

Breastfeeding: There isn’t enough reliable information to say whether terminalia is safe to use during breast-feeding. Avoid using to be on the safe side.

Terminalia prevents the formation of blood clots in people who have bleeding problems. It may increase the risk of bruising and bleeding in people with bleeding disorders.

Terminalia has been shown to lower blood sugar levels in diabetics. Your health care professional may need to change your diabetes medicines.

During surgery, Terminalia may impair blood sugar regulation and increase the risk of bleeding. Stop taking Terminalia at least two weeks before this procedure.

Conclusion

Terminalia Arjuna is commonly used for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders including heart disease and chest pain, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol, based on the available ingredients. It is also used in the treatment of urinary tract infection and earache.

Efficacy of Arjuna as an anti-ischemia drug and in inhibiting potent antioxidant, its ability to reduce reperfusion ischemic injury to the heart and atherogenic lipid levels has been proven in several experimental and clinical investigations. However, ongoing research into specific molecular mechanisms, drug administration, drug-drug interactions and toxicological investigations using T. arjuna is important.

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